How to Java: E6 (While Loops)

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We're learning Java WhileLoops today.

What Are "while" loops

Just like For Loops, While loops are another type of loops in Java, except they rely on only a true/false statement to determine whether they run or not.

Parts of a While Loop

A while loop has 3 parts:

• The starting statement (the while(stuff is/not true)) part
• The opening/closing brackets
• The statement(s) within the bracket

Create A While Loop

Assuming you have already fired up your favorite IDE and have an empty class created, write a class and add the main method.

Inside of the main method, lets make a While loop that loops until the number 5 is reached.

• Create your starting statement:

• Now create your statements. For our case, we want to check if our variable x is equal to "5". If it is lower than 5, we increment by 1

• Next we add an else statement so that if x is equal to 5, we print out the word "five". And finally, we close the while loop (if you haven't already, or if your IDE didn't close it already for you)

• Now run your program. The output should just say "five". This is because we never wrote any statements for it to print anything if x didn't equal 5.

Comparing: For vs. While loops

• Both will loop infinitely if you don't write them properly (such as if you wrote a statement that will always be true, both loops can loop infinitely, and you'd have to terminate the program (click that little red X in Eclipse in the output window)
• You'd use a for loop for when you wanted something repeated a certain number of times.
• You'd use a while loop for when you don't know how many times that a statement(s) should be repeated, or until something became false.

If you want a for loop to keep looping until the number "2" is reached, you can write:

for(int x = 0; x <= 2; x++){

if(x == 2){

System.out.println("two");

}

}

We can write that a while loop to output that same output by writing (with a While loop) :

int x = 0;

while(x <= 2){

if(x != 2){

x++;

}else{

System.out.println("two");

}

}

But the great thing about While loops is that the True/False statement doesn't always have to be a number. For example, if we wanted something to loop until a variable called "y" was false:

boolean y = true;

while(y == true){

if(1 > 2){//this is going to be false

y = false; //yes, you can change the value of a variable

}

}